• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The new gel-coat additivated with particles of titanium dioxide and alumina that is described in this patent finds direct application in the field of construction external part of surfaces of building materials or urban elements, in the transport sector, since this type of material has photocatalytic properties to decompose the NQx that currently exists in large cities. In addition, this new material has self-cleaning properties, biocidal properties, and deodorization that allow applications in the maritime transport sector where it would help to overcome the resistance induced by the attachment of maritime life to the hulls of vessels, and can lower them costs of cleaning them. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2705088A1
    申请号:ES201731136
    申请日:2017-09-20
    公开日:2019-03-21
    发明作者:Cabezas Francisco De Borja Dia；Ortega Miguel Peragon
    申请人:Liderkit S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] New gel-coat additivated with particles of titanium dioxide and alumina
    [0003]
    [0004] The present invention falls within the field of advanced composites and in particular in the field of catalysis. Especially, this invention relates both to the resulting composite material which has in its formulation photocatalytic additives such as TiO 2 , as well as the method of preparation thereof. The obtained composite material finds direct application in the field of construction, transport by road, railway, air or sea, as well as in the environment in general, since this type of material has self-cleaning properties, biocidal properties, deodorization, and decontamination in the presence of air and ultraviolet light.
    [0005]
    [0006]
    [0007] The atmospheric pollution. NOx and their photochemical degradation by photocatalytic coatings.
    [0008]
    [0009] Air pollution causes some 370,000 premature deaths throughout the EU and around 16,000 in Spain, according to data from the European Commission. Taking into account that at least multiplies by 4 those caused by traffic accidents, this problem acquires a sufficiently important dimension for its scope to be studied and analyzed in detail. Traffic is, according to the European Environment Agency, one of the largest sources of air pollution in Europe, followed by thermal power plants and industrial plants. In Spain, 34% of the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) come from traffic. In addition to NOx, the air pollutants with the greatest impact on health are the particles in suspension (PM) emitted by cars and industry, along with the sulfur dioxide of fossil fuels and diesel. Air quality in urban areas is severely affected by traffic which is the main source of atmospheric emissions of particulate matter (including engine particulates, brake wear, wheels and rolling tread), as well as certain metals related to mechanical wear) and gases such as NOx (generic term that includes NO and NO 2 ). The particles in suspension and NOx, together with ozone and ammonia, are the critical parameters in compliance with air quality legislation in cities in Spain and Europe in general. On the other hand, NOx contribute to the photochemical contamination of the air, giving rise to the so-called "photochemical smog." This term refers to a complex mixture of products that are formed from the interaction of sunlight with two of the compounds of the exhaust gases of automobiles, nitrogen monoxide and hydrocarbons, their interaction in the presence of sunlight leads to the formation of highly oxidizing mists that have caused very serious episodes of pollution in the past in large cities. In urban areas, approximately 50% of NOx emissions are produced by combustion in vehicle engines, with other sources of emission being power plants and other industrial sources (US EPA, 1998). the levels of ozone (secondary pollutant that is generated in the atmosphere by reaction of NO 2 and organic gaseous precursors), and in the formation of Acid luvia, can harm public health, especially affecting the respiratory system.
    [0010] Even recognizing the diversity of emission sources, vehicular traffic is one of the main sources that affect the levels of exposure of the urban population to air pollutants. This is due to the fact that the issue occurs in close proximity to the population and in a very dispersed way in large cities. Although cars are increasingly meeting stricter environmental laws, the continued growth of their number, in addition to permanent and progressively use indiscriminate, and the growing proliferation of diesel vehicles in the entire fleet, generate a situation of progressive complexity.
    [0011]
    [0012] The possibility of being able to protect the surfaces of buildings or vehicles through coatings that may be able to degrade this type of organic compounds existing in air with which they come into contact contributing to the environmental decontamination and self-cleaning of these surfaces, is of great interest and are investigating the search for coatings based on nanoparticles that provide physical-chemical properties different from existing materials allowing to provide different solutions to these aforementioned problems.
    [0013]
    [0014] Problems in the shipping industry due to the attachment of maritime life. Photocatalytic coatings on the surface of boats a solution with low cost.
    [0015]
    [0016] In the maritime transport sector, about 36 billion euros are used each year in the use of non-stick paints and added fuel costs to overcome the resistance induced by the attachment of maritime life to the hulls of vessels (between 30 and 45% more), this problem being a growing problem with the global warming of the planet. That is why in this sector are looking for technical solutions that can reduce these effects on boats.
    [0017]
    [0018] With the use of this type of new materials on the surfaces of these vessels has been proven to prevent the proliferation of bacteria, algae and fungi on certain surfaces, as these materials have a biocidal effect, thanks in part to the generation of hydroxyl radicals, being therefore the application of this type of materials for the manufacture of new boats a real possibility of a reduction of maintenance and fuel costs.
    [0019]
    [0020] Elements of heterogeneous photocatalysis
    [0021] The physical-chemical principle for all these applications mentioned above is the same: heterogeneous photochemical reactions catalyzed on the surface in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. In order to better describe this type of reactions it is necessary to have to describe more thoroughly its different elements that comprise it:
    [0022]
    [0023] - Oxidized compounds. They are the target molecules that in the chemical reaction will degrade and decompose. For example, at the beginning of the 1980s, the first tests on heterogeneous catalysis in air for elimination of toluene were carried out and subsequently investigated with a large number and variety of compounds destined for the purification of organic compounds from wastewater. The oxidation of chlorinated organic compounds aroused special attention due to its high toxicity and resistance to degradation currently used in the decomposition of nitrogen oxides as an atmospheric pollutant.
    [0024] - Photocatalysts. In heterogeneous photocatalysis, the choice of photocatalyst, which must have an adequate redox potential, is fundamental. It must also comply that the photoactivation range is within the wavelength range corresponding to UV-visible radiation (200-800 nm.), In order to be able to take advantage of sunlight as a source of radiation with considerable savings of energy. The photocatalyst must also have a high specific surface to promote adsorption. TiO 2 is the most used semiconductor, because it is chemically and biologically inert, it is not toxic, it is abundant, economical, in addition to its good photocatalytic characteristics, which are due to the fact that it has valence electrons in its conduction band that are capable of being excited with a radiation energy that is in the energy range of ultraviolet light (A = 200-400 nm), and can also be contained in rich media both hydroxyl amnions and protons (Balasubramanian G. et al. " Synthesis of Inorganic Materials "Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, (2005) .The crystallinity of this semiconductor becomes fundamental to be able to possess a good photocatalytic activity, thus of the three most common crystalline forms of the titanium dioxide (anatase, brookite and rutile), the anastase phase is the structure of titanium dioxide that has greater photocatalytic activity, despite being a metastable phase. Since Fujishima and Honda (Fujishima, A., Honda, K., Nature 1972, 37, 238) discovered in the seventies the photocatalytic dissociation of water on titanium dioxide electrodes (Hashimoto K. et al. Appl. Phys. 2005, 44 (12) 8269) began the development of a large number of investigations based on this photocatalytic semiconductor.
    [0025] - Support materials. The need for the use of supported photocatalysts arose as a consequence of the high cost of the filtering processes to recover the photocatalyst. However, there are also limitations to take into account when using supported systems. The difficulties in the use of supports are related to the reduced contact between the pollutant and the photoactive material, and with the difficulty in achieving the total irradiation of the semiconductor particles. So far, a wide variety of materials have been tried in photocatalysis as support for the photocatalyst, most of them are based on the use of SiO 2 , both in glass and in fused silica or quartz. At present, among the materials that offer great possibilities as support are microporous materials such as activated carbon, mesoporous as silica or alumina and organometallic compounds among others. Materials with high transparency in the UV region, such as polymers, are very interesting because they facilitate the irradiation of the semiconductor particles. These materials are currently the subject of numerous studies to be used as support for photocatalysts of different nature, despite the difficulties they also have due to properties such as high thermal sensitivity and low resistance to photodegradation. It should be noted that in addition to ultraviolet radiation, the presence of oxygen and water (as a source of hydroxyl and proton amnions) is also necessary for the photocatalytic process to take place. Therefore, it is necessary that photocatalytic materials are in a medium with these three requirements for their correct activity.
    [0026]
    [0027] Background of methods of obtaining photocatalytic coatings.
    [0028]
    [0029] One of the most widespread methods for obtaining photocatalytic coatings on different substrates using the sol-gel methodology is the "in situ" synthesis of the TiO 2 coating.This sol-gel method consists in the hydrolysis and condensation of the organometallic precursor ( titanium isopropoxide, titanium tetrachloride, etc.) followed by deposition by dip-coating, spin-coating, etc ... of the coating obtained on the substrate to be coated.With this synthetic methodology, the nature of the coatings obtained initially is usually be amorphous (a mixture of several structures or phases), and a subsequent calcination stage at around 500-600 C is required for several hours in order to achieve that the titanium oxide coating has a majority anatase phase, which is the crystalline structure more photoactive of TiO 2. This route has the disadvantage that the coatings are subjected to thermal treatments at high temperatures. and the materials it covers must be able to withstand these conditions.
    [0030]
    [0031] Thus, at the end of the 80s, (Takahashi, Y., Matsuoka, YJ Mater. Sci. 1988, 23, 2259) developed one of the first synthesis of TiO 2 coatings, which was also based on this methodology "in situ ". for this, used diethanolamine (DEA) for controlling the hydrolysis step the titanium precursor (titanium isopropoxide) under the addition of water. the presence of ethanolamines in the solution results in stabilizing chelates, which react with the metal alkoxides through the alcohol exchange reaction Other stabilizing chelating agents such as inorganic and organic acids have been used, although these agents can cause acid corrosion on metal substrates, in addition to acetylacetone which provides stable sols at almost neutral pH to give place to coatings on any substrate. Synthesis methods "in situ" needed very high heat treatments to obtain the anatase phase and achieve a good adherence to the substrate.
    [0032]
    [0033] Other synthetic methods have been developed to obtain photocatalytic coatings with titanium dioxide, in which the nanoparticles of TiO 2 are first synthesized, and subsequently deposited on the substrate, in such a way that thermal treatments are avoided, they obtained coatings with TiO 2 nanoparticles (anatase phase) synthesized from the hydrolysis in aqueous medium of titanium tetrakis (isopropoxide), (Peiró, AM et al., Appl. Catal. B-Environ, 2001, 30, 359-373).
    [0034]
    [0035] A very common methodology for obtaining coatings using previously synthesized nanoparticles is layer by layer deposition. Thus, photocatalytic coatings have been developed on PET substrates, based on the assembly of different layers from nanoparticles in suspension charged oppositely. Through this methodology, coatings can be obtained on substrates sensitive to high temperatures such as metals, textiles, PET, etc .; since thermal treatments are not required at high post-deposition temperatures to induce the crystallinity of TiO 2 (Sánchez, B. et al., Appl. Catal. B-Environ., 2006, 66, 295). However, it should be noted that the electrostatic interaction between the layers is sometimes not sufficient (to give a good adhesion), so that, taking into account all the disadvantages presented by the synthetic methods described above, in recent years have developed new pathways based on the sol-gel synthesis of inorganic-organic hybrids to obtain photocatalytic coatings.
    [0036]
    [0037] A method has recently been proposed in a patent (WO 2010/122182) for obtaining hybrid photocatalytic coatings by the sol-gel path under mild synthesis conditions from a particular percentage of crystalline commercial TiO 2 nanoparticles in anatase phase using a catalyst of the polyetheramine type.
    [0038] Surprisingly it has now been discovered that by employing a completely different catalyst consisting of nanoparticles of an inorganic oxide such as silicon oxide or titanium oxide previously functionalized with certain functional groups, alternative photocatalytic coatings can be obtained on various substrates, metallic or otherwise, also under mild synthesis conditions.
    [0039]
    [0040] On the possible uses of this type of materials, a multitude of practical applications are being discovered, all oriented to the use of these coatings for anticorrosion purposes or for environmental purposes. Already in WO 1998/32473 the use of this type of coatings as possible filters of absorption of volatiles of the medium by the use of additives was detailed. More recently the patents US 1996/5571359 detail methods for the preparation of photocurable inks and pigments based on titanium dioxide, as well as the patent US 2006/7144840 B2 mentions processes and coatings based on TiO 2 crystals their physicochemical properties and field of applications. Also in patent EP 2001/1069950 B1 a different photocatalytic composition obtained by the addition of commercial TiO 2 nanoparticles to an aqueous colloidal dispersion of commercial silicon dioxide was proposed for possible use as a paint or as a filter coating. In the patent US 2007/0166467 A1 it was proposed its application in coatings of TiO 2 with silane base against corrosion in building materials. Finally, it is worth mentioning the patent ES 2285868 T3 to refer to the possible use of photocurable glass paints through the use of this type of coatings.
    [0041]
    [0042] In summary, as can be seen in the state of the art of this patent heterogeneous catalysis and more especially in photocatalytic coatings there is a growing real need on the part of industry and society to obtain new alternative materials to existing ones that improve the current photocatalytic properties, be economically competitive, respectful with the environment, and that in turn in their preparation process also have good adhesions to substrates without heat treatments at high temperatures (which makes the number of substrates is significantly reduced), to be able to obtain greater universality in their application to substrates in different industrial processes and coating processes.
    [0043] The references that have been used in the drafting of the present patent are the following:
    [0044]
    [0045] PATENTS:
    [0046] • WO 2010/122182 with publication date 29.02.2012 "Method for obtaining photocatalytic coatings on metal substrates" (by Miguel Yolanda, Rufina, Villaluenga Arranz, Irune, Porro Gutiérrez, Antonio) regarding a method to obtain hybrid photocatalytic coatings by means of the via sol-gel under mild synthesis conditions from a particular percentage of crystalline commercial Ti 02 nanoparticles in anatase phase using a polyetheramine type catalyst.
    [0047] • EP 1069 950 B1 with publication date 12.12.2001 "Photocatalytic composition" (Pascale Escaffre, Pierre Girard, Joseph Dussaud, Léonie Bouvier), a photocatalytic composition obtained by the addition of commercial TiO 2 nanoparticles to a dispersion was proposed aqueous colloidal silicon dioxide for possible use as a paint or as a filter coating.
    [0048] • US 2007/0166467 A1 with date of publication 19.07.2007 "Water dispersible silanes as corrosion-protection coatings and paint primers for metal pre-treatment" (from Ji Cui) regarding possible applications of silane-based coatings against corrosion "
    [0049] • WO 1998/32473 with publication date 16.01.1998 "Reduction of emissions of volatile compounds by additives" (from Wolfgang Beilfuss, Ralf Graddtke, and Herbert Mangold.) Regarding possible methods of absorption of volatiles by the use of additives.
    [0050] • US 2007/0166467 A1 with date of publication 19.07.2007 "Water dispersible silanes as corrosion-protection coatings and paint primers for metal pre-treatment" (from Ji Cui) regarding possible applications of silane-based coatings against corrosion "
    [0051] • US 2006/7144840 B2 with publication date 05.12.2006 "UNCLE 2 material and the coating methods thereof" (from King Lun Yeung and Nan Yao) with respect to state-of-the-art procedures and coatings based on TiO 2 crystals and their properties physicochemical
    [0052] • US 1996/5571359 with publication date 16.11.2007 "Radiation curable pigmented compositions" (by Melvin E. Kamen, and Bhupendra Patel) with respect to existing methods for photocurable pigments and inks.
    [0053] • ES 2285868 T3 with date of publication 16.11.2007 "Composition of curable paint for ultraviolet radiation and process for its application on glass substrates" (by Rodrigo Cavazos Gutiérrez) to refer to the state of the art in the use of photocurable glass paints ( bottles, labels, etc ...)
    [0054] • ES 2401799 B1 with publication date 24.04.2014 "Procedure for the preparation of an additive comprising supported and dispersed TiO 2 particles" (by Antonio Álvarez Berenguer, Aurora María Casado Barrasa, Antonio Esteban Cubillo, Javier Grávalos Moreno, Antonio José Sánchez Rojo, Julio Santarén Romé and José Vera Agulló) to refer to the state of the art in processes of preparation of additives that includes particles of TiO 2 dispersed on a support of pseudolaminar phyllosilicates for use additives with photocatalytic activity for purification and disinfection of waters, currents soda contaminated in building materials in the presence of air and ultraviolet light.
    [0055]
    [0056] SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS:
    [0057] • "Electrochemical Photolysis of Water at a Semiconductor Electrode" Fujishima, A .; Honda, K., Nature 1972, 37, 238. To refer to the discovery of the photocatalytic dissociation of water on titanium dioxide electrodes
    [0058] • "TiO 2 Photocatalysis: A Historical Overview and Future Prospects" Hashimoto K., Irie, H; Fujishima, A., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 44 (12) 8269. To refer to the development of a large number of investigations based on this photocatalytic semiconductor • "Titanium Dioxide coatings on stainless steef Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechonology" Balasubramanian G .; Dionysiou DD; Suidan MT To refer to the basic principles of photochemical reactions that take place on the surface of photocatalysts in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.
    [0059] • "Synthesis of Inorganic Materials" Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, (2005) Marcel Dekker; Schubert U., Husing N. To refer to existing methods of "in situ" synthesis of the TiO 2 coating by photocatalytic methods.
    [0060] • "Dip-coating of TiO2 films using a sol derived from Ti (Oi-Pr) 4-diethanolamine-H2O-i-PrOH system" Takahashi, Y .; Matsuoka, YJ Mater. Sci. 1988, 23, 2259. In order to refer to the developments of the first TiO 2 coating syntheses that used diethanolamine (DEA) to control the hydrolysis step of the titanium precursor (titanium isopropoxide) under the addition of water.
    [0061] • "Low-Temperature deposition of TiO 2 thin films with photocatalytic activity from colloidal anatase aqueous solutions" AM Peiro, J. Peral, C. Domingo, X. Doménech and JA Ayllón. Chemistry of Materials, 2001, 13, 2567-2573. To refer to an alternative method where the TiO 2 layers are synthesized first, and then deposited on the substrate.
    [0062] • "Preparation of TiO 2 coatings on PET monoliths for the photocatalytic elimination of trichloroethylene in the gas phase" Sánchez, B .; Coronado, JM; Caudal, R .; Pórtela, R .; Weaver, I .; Anderson, MA; Tompkins, D .; Lee, T. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2006, 66, 295) Appl. Catal. B, 2006, 66 (3-4): 295. To refer to obtaining coatings of TiO 2 using nanoparticles previously synthesized by layer-by-layer deposition.
    [0063]
    [0064] The process of the invention is a process for the preparation of a gel-coat based on a synthetic curable resin that is added with particles of titanium dioxide and alumina.This new material developed in contact with the volatile organic compounds that constitute the The environmental contamination of large cities allows NOx photocatalytically to be deactivated in the presence of ultraviolet light.The material preparation method also has much milder preparation conditions with respect to curing, temperature conditions and solvents, than standard methods of preparation. preparation of this type of gel-coat.
    [0065]
    [0066] The fields of application of coatings with these new types of materials based are multiple, from new types of coatings in construction materials, urban elements, to the bodies of transport vehicles that allow photocatalytically deactivating the NOx of large cities, to the development of coatings of surface of boats that allow to avoid the attachment of marine life to their helmets due to their biocidal effects.
    [0067]
    [0068] The necessary steps to be able to develop pieces using this new type of material are the following:
    [0069]
    [0070] Preparation of molds.
    [0071]
    [0072] The molds should be located in a suitable environment (clean, without volatile particles in the environment) with suitable temperature and humidity for the work and verifying that the temperature of the initial gel-coat is between 18-25 ° C before being used.
    [0073]
    [0074] Preparation of the Gel-coat
    [0075]
    [0076] The gel-coat should be homogenized, and when used, only the amount previously estimated for each mold should be used. If there was preparation of molds with Different batches of gel-coat, all should be properly homogenized before use, in order to prevent differences in physicochemical properties. For "accelerated-cure" gel-coats, before use it must be added in a 50% catalyst solution, to end up having between 1.5 to 3.5% of the catalyst in the final weight of the mixture. "gel-coats" of non-accelerated curing should be added before using an accelerator in a 2% solution, which when added to the gel-coat is in a proportion of 0.5-1.5% and then add the catalyst under the same conditions as in the previous case. It must be remembered that excessive agitation can leave air in the composition and cause a lamination with micropores in the cured gelcoat film, so homogenization must be carried out thoroughly to avoid the appearance of bubbles.
    [0077]
    [0078] Aditivation of the gel-coat with particles of titanium dioxide and alumina.
    [0079]
    [0080] An initial additivation of between 1-25% of TiO 2 (in its anastase and rutile metastable phases) must be produced in the gel-coat in the final weight of the mixture, additive in powder with a granulometry less than 20 nanometers wide of particle. Subsequently, it will be added with AhO 3 powder, also with a granulometry of less than 20 nanometers, in quantities of between 5-25% final weight of the material. Perfect perfect homogenization must be produced by mechanical agitation not exceeding 500 rpm for at least 15 minutes.
    [0081]
    [0082] Application of the additivated gel-coat.
    [0083]
    [0084] The gel-coat should be applied in a normal way on the predefined mold in the previous steps, in optimum working conditions for its application (avoid excessive humidity and working temperature conditions for its application).
    [0085] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0086] Figure 1.- Diagram of flow diagram of the process with the minimum steps necessary to be able to manufacture this new type of material additive with TiO 2 and AhO 3
    [0087] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0088] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0089]
    [0090] The new material obtained finds direct application in the field of construction, in transport by road, railway, air or sea, as well as in the environment in general, since this type of material has several fundamental properties: photocatalytic properties to decompose the NOx, self-cleaning properties, biocidal properties, deodorization, all of them being necessary the presence of air and ultraviolet light.
    [0091]
    [0092] The present invention further illustrates the methods of preparation, the fields of application by the following examples without intending to limit the scope of the invention
    [0093]
    [0094] Example 1. Preparation of "gel-coat" in molds with polyester base resins that do not need an accelerator for curing, See Figure 1.
    [0095]
    [0096] The molds should be located in a suitable environment (clean, without volatile particles in the environment) with suitable temperature and humidity for the work and verifying that the temperature of the initial gel-coat is between 18-25 ° C before being used. The base resin should be homogenized, and when used, only the amount previously estimated for each mold should be used. If there are different batches of resin, all should be thoroughly homogenized before being used, in order to prevent differences in physicochemical properties. Add a catalyst solution so that it is 2% in the mixture making the addition carefully. It must be remembered that excessive agitation can leave air in the composition and cause a laminate with micropores in the cured gel-coat film, so homogenization must be carried out meticulously to avoid the appearance of bubbles. After that, an initial additivation of between 2% TiO 2 in the final weight of the mixture, additivated in powder with a granulometry lower than 20 nanometers in particle width should be added to the base resin. Subsequently, it will be added with AhO 3 powder, also with a granulometry of less than 20 nanometers, in quantities of between 6% final weight of the material. Perfect perfect homogenization must be produced by mechanical agitation not exceeding 500 rpm for at least 15 minutes. After that, the gel-coat composition should be applied as standard on the predefined mold in the previous steps, under optimum working conditions for its application (avoid excessive humidity and working temperature conditions for its application).
    [0097] Example 2. Preparation of "gel-coat" in molds with polyester-based resins that need an accelerator for curing, see Figure 1.
    [0098]
    [0099] The molds should be located in a suitable environment (clean, without volatile particles in the environment) with suitable temperature and humidity for the work and verifying that the temperature of the initial gel-coat is between 18-25 ° C before being used. The base resin should be homogenized, and when used, only the amount previously estimated for each mold should be used. If there are different batches of resin, all should be thoroughly homogenized before being used, in order to prevent differences in physicochemical properties. For resins that need to use accelerators, it is necessary to add before using an accelerator that when added to the resin is in a proportion of 0.5-1.5% and then add the catalyst carefully. It must be remembered that excessive agitation can leave air in the composition and cause a lamination with micropores in the cured gel-coat film, so homogenization must be carried out thoroughly to avoid the appearance of bubbles. After that, an initial additivation between a 1% of UNCLE 2 in the final weight of the mixture, additive in powder with a granulometry less than 20 nanometers in particle width. Subsequently, it will be added with AhO 3 powder, also with a granulometry of less than 20 nanometers, in quantities of between 5% final weight of the material. Perfect perfect homogenization must be produced by mechanical agitation not exceeding 500 rpm for at least 15 minutes. After that, the gel-coat composition should be applied as standard on the predefined mold in the previous steps, under optimum working conditions for its application (avoid excessive humidity and working temperature conditions for its application).
    [0100]
    [0101] Industrial application of the invention.
    [0102]
    [0103] The application of this type of materials at an industrial level is part of multiple industrial sectors:
    [0104]
    [0105] Transport industry. One of the most important challenges facing the transportation industry in the 21st century is the development of materials that are environmentally sustainable but at the same time functional and have affordable manufacturing costs. With the use of bodies in vehicles in large cities with this new type of new photocatalytic material on the outside as a coating when in contact with visible light and atmospheric pollutant gases (NOx), a chemical reaction is allowed in the surface of the body that manages to decompose these organic compounds so harmful to the environment, indirectly allowing to reduce as much as possible the air pollution to the passage of the vehicle.
    [0106]
    [0107] Maritime transport industry. It has been proven that on surfaces coated with an outer gel-coat with this new type of materials the proliferation of bacteria, algae and fungi is avoided, since these materials have a biocidal effect thanks in part to the generation of hydroxyl radicals. It is therefore that there is a direct application in the use of this new type of photocatalytic materials applied on the surface of new vessels, which may allow to reduce the time and cost of the cleaning tasks of the vessels (especially in the hull below). above waterline), will reduce fuel costs by improving its coefficient of incidence in the water, as well as lengthen the life of the boats by preventing corrosion of the surfaces of the boats.
    [0108]
    [0109] Construction Industry. In the construction of sustainable buildings, architects are increasingly taking into account among their parameters the possibility of having the least impact on the environment. With the use of exterior surfaces of the buildings of materials made with this new photocatalytic material it is allowed to decontaminate the environment outside the building by means of this type of photocatalytic reactions.
    [0110]
    [0111] The term "mold" (see Figure 1 ) is used herein to mean any device that is used to shape a gel-coat prior to the curing process.
    [0112] The term "resin" as used herein is understood as any thermoset polymer that undergoes a chemical crosslinking reaction increasing its physical hardness properties when mixed with a catalyst agent.
    [0113] The term "catalyst" which is used herein is understood as any chemical substance that manages to increase the speed of a chemical reaction, and that its mass is modified during the reaction thereof.
    [0114] The term "granulometry" used in this document is understood as the graduation that is carried out of the materials, indicating in units of length the maximum size that an aggregate particle of the measured material can have.
    [0115] The term "accelerator" used in this document is understood as any chemical substance that manages to accelerate the speed of a chemical reaction and that its mass decreases during the reaction of it.
    [0116] The term "curing process" (see Figure 1 ) that is used herein is understood as any polymerization process that occurs, resulting in a chemical reaction of entanglement of the gel-coat chains due to the addition of a catalyst agent and / or an accelerant.
    [0117] The new material, and / or the methods claimed herein may be made and executed without undue experimentation in light of the present disclosure. It is evident that experts in the art can apply variations in the sequence of steps of the method described in the section of particular embodiments and in Figure 1 of this document, without departing from the concept, spirit and scope of the invention. All of these similar modifications for those skilled in the art are considered within the spirit, scope and concept of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. New gel-coat additivated with particles of titanium dioxide and alumina is characterized by:
    - Between 50% and 94% of the total weight of a synthetic curable resin that can be selected from the family of polyesters, of the family of vinyl esters, or of the family of epoxy resins, or equivalent combinations of the same.
    - A chemical catalyst to cure said resin
    - Between 1% to 25% of the total weight of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 in its metastable phases anatase and rutile) with a particle size of less than 20 nanometers. - Between 5% to 25% of the total weight of aluminum oxide (AhO 3 ) powder also with a particle size of less than 20 nanometers.
    [2]
    2. A process for preparing this "gel-coat" according to claim 1 comprises at least combining at least one titanium dioxide with at least one polyester resin, and / or epoxy resin and a chemical catalyst to form a "gel-coat" composition. "
    [3]
    3. A step of the process for preparing a composition of this "gel-coat" according to claim 1 comprises at least a perfect homogenization of the elements that are combined.
    [4]
    4. A step of the process for preparing a composition of this "gel-coat" according to claim 1 comprises a curing process said composition.
    [5]
    5. A process for preparing a "gel-coat" composition according to claim 4 comprises applying said "gel-coat" composition to an article, followed by a curing process.
    [6]
    6. A process for preparing a "gel-coat" composition according to claim 5 wherein the article in which it is applied can be any external element in contact with air and light, and in particular but not limited to, surface elements of building panels, surface elements of urban materials (such as benches, fences, roofs, roofs, etc ...) exterior elements of bodies of transport vehicles, external elements of vessels both above and below the waterline of the vessel, external elements of windmills, constituent elements of swimming pools, bathtubs, showers, toilets, pipes, and tanks of water storage.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2019058010A1|2019-03-28|
    EP3686237A4|2021-08-11|
    MA49590A1|2021-01-29|
    EP3686237A1|2020-07-29|
    ES2705088B2|2020-03-30|
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    ES201731136A|ES2705088B2|2017-09-20|2017-09-20|NEW GEL-COAT ADDITIVATED WITH PARTICLES OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND ALUMINA|ES201731136A| ES2705088B2|2017-09-20|2017-09-20|NEW GEL-COAT ADDITIVATED WITH PARTICLES OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND ALUMINA|
    PCT/ES2018/070591| WO2019058010A1|2017-09-20|2018-09-10|Novel gel-coat with added titanium dioxide and alumina particles|
    MA49590A| MA49590A1|2017-09-20|2018-09-10|New gelled coating with the addition of titanium dioxide and alumina particles|
    EP18857910.6A| EP3686237A4|2017-09-20|2018-09-10|Novel gel-coat with added titanium dioxide and alumina particles|
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